Password encryption is essential to store user credentials stored in a database securely. Without password encryption, anyone accessing a user database on a company's servers (including hackers) could easily view any stored passwords.
Even a strong 32-character password created using a <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">secure password generator</a> is useless without password-encryption! If someone can read your password on a server, they can use it simply by copy/pasting it&mdash;no matter how long or complicated the password might be!
Encryption scrambles your password before saving it on the server. So, if someone hacks the server, instead of finding password123, they find a random series of letters and numbers.
In this article, we're going to explore the world of password encryption, why <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/tips-and-tricks-to-create-a-strong-password">strong passwords matter</a>, and how you can practice better password management!
<a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">TeamPassword</a> is the password management solution for small businesses! Create, store, and share login credentials safely with employees, contractors, and clients. <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">Sign up for a 14-day free trial</a> today!
&rlm;&rlm;&lrm; &lrm;[Table of Contents]
<ul>
<li><a href="#understandingpasswordencryption" rel="follow">Understanding Password Encryption</a></li>
<li><a href="#howdoespasswordencryptionwork" rel="follow">How Does Password Encryption Work?</a></li>
<li><a href="#5commonpasswordencryptionmethods" rel="follow">5 Common Password Encryption Methods</a></li>
<li><a href="#whystrongpasswordsmatter" rel="follow">Why Strong Passwords Matter</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="understandingpasswordencryption">Understanding Password Encryption</h2>
To explain password encryption effectively, we must first grasp the language. Several terms might be unfamiliar, so here is a quick intro to password encryption terminology.
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Key: Used to lock and unlock passwords using a random string of bits. You get private and public keys that crypt and decrypt data differently, but we won't get too deep in the weeds with keys!</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Bits: A logical state with one of two possible values, including 1/0, true/false, yes/no, or on/off as typical examples.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Block (block cipher): A deterministic algorithm operating on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hash function: The algorithm that uses the key to create password encryption and decryption. A hash function is essentially a piece of code that runs every time someone saves a password or logs into an application.&nbsp;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hash: A random series of numbers and letters representing your password. The hash function uses your hash instead of the raw password for authentication.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Salt: Additional letters and numbers appended to the hash</li>
</ul>
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<h2 id="howdoespasswordencryptionwork">How Does Password Encryption Work?</h2>
When you save a new password, a hash function creates a hash version and saves that on the server.&nbsp;
Every time you log in using your password, the hash function recreates the hash to see if it matches what's stored. If the hashes match, the algorithm passes the authentication and logs you in.&nbsp;
For example:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Original password: Pa$$w0rd123</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Hashed password: 6AF1CE202340​FE71BDB914AD5357​E33A6982A63B</li>
</ul>
While this might seem secure, simple hashed passwords aren't hack-proof.
The hash function only creates a unique hash for each password, not each user. So, if multiple users have the password, Pa$$w0rd123, the hash will be exactly the same.
To overcome this encryption vulnerability, engineers salt passwords so each hash is unique, even if the passwords are identical.
<h3>How Salt Works</h3>
A salt appends a unique value of 8 bytes (16 characters) to the password before the hash function creates a hash. This way, even identical passwords are unique before the hash function.
For example:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Two identical passwords: Pa$$w0rd123</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Salt value one: E1F53135E559C253</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Salt value two: 84B03D034B409D4E</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Password one before hash: Pa$$w0rd123E1F53135E559C253</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Password two before hash: Pa$$w0rd12384B03D034B409D4E</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Password one hashed value (SHA256): 72AE25495A7981​C40622D49F9A52E4F15​65C90F048F59027BD9​C8C8900D5C3D8</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Password two hashed value (SHA256): B4B6603ABC670​967E99C7E7F1389E40​CD16E78AD38EB1468E​C2AA1E62B8BED3A</li>
</ul>
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<h2 id="5commonpasswordencryptionmethods">5 Common Password Encryption Methods</h2>
<h3>1. Data Encryption Standard (DES)</h3>
While applications no longer use Data Encryption Standard (DES), it's important to mention this password encryption method because of its history and influence on more secure modern standards.
IBM developed DES as a 56-bit encryption technology in the early 1970s. The NSA adopted and improved DES before it was approved worldwide as the encryption standard.
However, since the late 70s, hackers have been able to break DES encrypted passwords. In 1999, ethical hackers managed to break a DES key in under 24 hours.&nbsp;
To make DES more secure, engineers created Triple DES and later Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), which we still use today.
<h3>2. Triple DES</h3>
Triple DES uses three 56-bit keys (blocks) to create 168-bit encryption (some security experts argue that Triple DES is only 112 bits strong). Although Triple-DES is slowly being phased out, many financial institutions still use it to encrypt ATM PINs.
<h3>3. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)</h3>
AES is the new encryption standard&mdash;trusted by the United States Government and many other prominent organizations globally. At 128 bits, AES is sufficiently secure, but most organizations prefer heavy-duty 256-bit encryption.
At <a href="https://teampassword.com/security">TeamPassword</a>, we use 256-bit encryption to store passwords, ensuring the highest levels of security for our clients. We're also a <a href="https://teampassword.com/security">secure hosting provider</a> holding multiple security accreditations.
Hackers can only break an AES encrypted password through a brute-force attack&mdash;trying password combinations to find the right one.
To counter brute-force attacks, applications will lock an account after a certain number of attempts or use tools like Google's reCAPTURE.
<h3>4. Blowfish</h3>
American cryptographer, Bruce Schneier, designed Blowfish in 1993 as an antidote to the weak DES encryption. Blowfish uses a 64-bit block and variable key length of 32 to 448 bits.
Although Blowfish is more robust than its DES predecessor, the 64-bit block is still vulnerable to attacks, most commonly birthday attacks&mdash;a cryptographic attack that exploits the mathematics behind the algorithm.
To solve Blowfish vulnerabilities, engineers created Twofish in 1998 (128-bit blocks with 256-bit keys) and Threefish in 2008 (256, 516, 1024-bit blocks with 256, 516, 1024-bit keys).
<h3>5. Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA)</h3>
RSA is one of the oldest and widely used to transfer data securely. The encryption works with two keys, two large prime numbers, and an additional auxiliary value.
Due to the complicated encrypting and decrypting process, there is no known method for breaking RSA encryption.&nbsp;
Although widely used for transferring data, RSA is slow and not suitable for password encryption.
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<h2 id="whystrongpasswordsmatter">Why Strong Passwords Matter</h2>
Password encryption can only prevent criminals from viewing saved credentials stored on a server&mdash;but cannot prevent hackers from guessing weak/commonly used passwords. If you <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/colonial-pipeline-ransomware-attack-dont-reuse-passwords">reuse the same password for multiple accounts</a>, this also puts you at risk!
Encryption is most effective when users create robust, unique passwords for every account. For example, a random 32-character password with letters, numbers, and special characters hashed and salted is near impossible to guess or decode, even using a computer!
In another scenario, let's assume you have a strong 32-character password, but you use it for every account. If hackers manage to steal that password, they have access to every account using the same credentials! Your strong password is effectively useless.
<h3>Improving Your Password Management</h3>
Now that you understand password encryption and the associated vulnerabilities, you can see why strong passwords are essential.
Effective password management is crucial to protect yourself against cyberattacks or in the highly likely event of a data breach where hackers steal your credentials.
Criminals are after the low-hanging fruit&mdash;people who use weak passwords!
5 tips for creating stronger passwords:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Create strong passwords for every account. The easiest way to do this is using a password generator. <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">TeamPassword has a free password generator</a> anyone can use to create passwords from 12-32 characters using uppercase, lowercase, numbers, and special characters. We recommend creating passwords as long as the application will allow.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Never create passwords shorter than eight characters, with 12 being our recommended minimum.&nbsp;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Never reuse the same password for multiple accounts.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Never create passwords with your name, family member's names, or pet's names. With social media, this information is freely available. Criminals can add those names to algorithms for brute-force attacks.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Don't store passwords in digital notepads or spreadsheets. We recommend using a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">password manager like TeamPassword</a> to create and store your credentials.</li>
</ol>
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<h2>Why You Need a Password Manager like TeamPassword</h2>
We have so many accounts these days; it's almost impossible to create unique, memorable, secure passwords for each one. A password manager solves this problem.
Instead of remembering the credentials for every account, you only need to memorize the one to log into your password manager.&nbsp;
TeamPassword keeps all of your credentials safely stored and encrypted, so you never have to memorize a password again. Instead of entering your credentials, you use one of TeamPassword's browser extensions (Chrome, Firefox, and Safari) to log into accounts.
<h3>Built for Teams</h3>
TeamPassword's best feature is its ability to share credentials with team members securely. Instead of sharing passwords, you provide access through TeamPassword.&nbsp;
Employees <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">use TeamPassword</a> to log in, meaning you never share raw passwords&mdash;no more worrying about unauthorized access or sharing.
You can create groups in TeamPassword to share access with employees, clients, contractors, and freelancers. When someone no longer needs access, remove them from the group with a single click. No need to change passwords every time someone leaves a project!
<h3>Built-In Password Generator</h3>
TeamPassword features a built-in secure password manager so you can create robust passwords for every account. TeamPassword also ensures you never reuse the same credentials so that you won't fall victim to credential stuffing attacks!
With a built-in password generator, you can change passwords regularly, and TeamPassword will update the new credentials for all users!
<h3>Monitor Login Activity</h3>
TeamPassword's activity log keeps track of every action across all of your accounts&mdash;logins, password changes, new team members, sharing access, and more.
You can also set up email notifications for all TeamPassword actions so that you can react fast to any suspicious activity.
<h3>Get Your Free TeamPassword Trial</h3>
Password encryption is not enough to protect your business from password vulnerabilities! You need a robust password manager like TeamPassword to create, store, and share credentials securely.
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<a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">Sign up for a 14-day free trial</a> and let TeamPassword secure your company's digital assets.

Password encryption is the number one component of password security. TeamPassword encrypts passwords with state-of-the-art technology to keep passwords safe.

Password encryption is the number one component of password security. TeamPassword encrypts passwords with state-of-the-art technology to keep ...

What is password encryption and how much is enough?

What is password encryption and how does it work?

<h2>What is a Master Password?</h2>
A master password is a single password that acts as a gateway to multiple accounts and platforms. The term "master password" is typically used in the context of password managers.
If you're using a password manager, then technically, you only need to remember one set of credentials - the&nbsp;master password - to log into your password manager.
For example, TeamPassword stores your credentials and then logs you into your accounts using one of our browser extensions (Chrome, Firefox, Safari)&mdash;similar to <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/how-to-save-passwords-in-chrome-and-alternatives">saving passwords in Chrome</a> and other browsers.
Once you're logged into TeamPassword using your master password, the password manager does the rest. You never have to remember your credentials.

<h2>How to Create a Secure Master Password?</h2>
The simplest way to create a strong password is to use a&nbsp;<a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">password generator</a>. Use 16+ random upper and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters, and never reuse the password elsewhere.
However, consider creating a passphrase if you need to remember the password. Use a sequence of words that creates a funny and memorable image, or use words related to the application it'll be used for.&nbsp;
Good passphrase:&nbsp;
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">frog-yellowish-stranger-Timestamp</li>
</ul>
Even though this lacks a variety of character types, it clocks in at 33 characters which makes it an incredibly high-entropy password. Plus, it does have dash symbols and one uppercase letter.&nbsp;
Bad passphrase:
<ul>
<li dir="ltr" role="presentation">the-windmills-of-your-mind</li>
</ul>
Stay away from song lyrics, famous quotes, and phrases that make sense.
If you'd like an in-depth explanation, check out our article dedicated to <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/tips-and-tricks-to-create-a-strong-password" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">How to Make a Strong Password</a>. &rlm;&rlm;&lrm; &lrm;

<h2>What is the Master Password Algorithm?</h2>
Maarten Billemont designed the Master Password algorithm in 2012 as an alternative for traditional password management tools. Instead of storing passwords, the Password Manager algorithm recreates users' credentials each time they log in.
The idea behind Master Password is that if you don't store credentials, then criminals can't steal your passwords if they hack your network or device.
For Master Password to be effective, you must turn off device and browser password-saving features, so your credentials are never stored anywhere.
It's important to note that Master Password is currently undergoing an overhaul and will be switching to a revised version (Spectre), which is currently in beta testing.
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<h2>How Does the Master Password Algorithm Work?</h2>
The Master Password algorithm works a little like a calculator. You enter a series of parameters (including your name, master password, and site/app you're logging into), and Master Password calculates your password.
The Master Password app also takes a counter, which starts at 1 by default. The counter allows you to change your password. Every time you change a password, the counter increments by 1.&nbsp;
For example, you create a password for Instagram; the initial counter is 1 when you reset your Instagram password, the counter changes to 2.
You copy/paste the password into the password field for the login form, and you're done! The process works the same for creating passwords and logging into accounts.
The only parameter you need to memorize to calculate a password is your master password. Everyone should know their name, and the account is easy to remember because it appears in the address bar or app header.
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<h2>Master Password Algorithm Example</h2>
Here is an example for creating or logging into a Facebook account for John Doe using the Master Password algorithm.
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Name: John Doe</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Master password: secret password phase</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Account: facebook.com</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Counter: 1</li>
</ul>
You enter these three parameters, and the Master Password app produces a password: tX0!tX7~qZ3!vO. Every time you enter those same parameters, Master Password will create the exact same password.
John Doe x secret password phrase x facebook.com x 1 = tX0!tX7~qZ3!vO
Rather than storing your password, Master Password calculates a result based on the parameters you enter. The master password always stays the same; only the name and account parameters change.
If you need to change your password, you increment the counter, and Master Password creates a new unique password.&nbsp;
Password change example for the same Facebook account:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Name: John Doe</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Master password: secret password phase</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Account: facebook.com</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Counter: 2</li>
</ul>
John Doe x secret password phrase x facebook.com x 2 = hS7}oD3:pO8^uI
For future logins, you have to remember your counter is 2 and no longer 1. The counter is the Master Password's biggest flaw! It can be difficult for people who have many accounts to remember what counter you're on for each one.
For example, your Twitter account might be on 4, Facebook on 7, Instagram on 1, and LinkedIn on 3. Keeping track of your counters could get overwhelming and confusing.
A user asked this question on Master Password's community, and the answer was: "To recover a lost non-default counter, just increment the counter and try the password on the site until you succeed."
The problem with this solution is that most websites and applications block your account after a certain number of failed attempts to prevent brute force attacks.
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<h2>What Apps Apply the Master Password Algorithm?</h2>
Maarten Billemont has made the Master Password algorithm free under the GPLv3 license. Meaning, anyone can run, study, share and modify the code. So, there are possibly many individuals and businesses using the technology privately.
There are two commercially available Master Password algorithm apps:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Master Password</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Spectre</li>
</ul>
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<h2>Pros and Cons of Master Password Algorithm &amp; Who is it For?</h2>
Pros of Master Password algorithm:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">There is zero chance of criminals stealing account credentials from your device, including if your device is lost or stolen</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">You only need one master password</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">The code is free to use so that anyone can develop a Master Password app</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">You create unique passwords for every account</li>
</ul>
Cons of Master Password algorithm:
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">The Master Password only works for personal use. No way to <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/how-to-safely-share-passwords-with-coworkers">share credentials with coworkers</a></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Recalling passwords is slow&mdash;you have to open Master Password separately, enter the parameters, and then copy/paste the password.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Changing passwords means you have to change your counter. If you have lots of accounts (which most people do), you have to remember the counter for each one. If your accounts are all on a different counter, things can get very confusing. The only solution is to reset your password, resulting in another counter increment to remember!</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">If someone manages to steal your master password&mdash;through a spear-phishing attack, scam, or other means, they can download Master Password and calculate your passwords. </li>
</ul>
With these pros and cons in mind, using Master Password-based apps makes sense for personal use or companies that don't share the same credentials.
Even then, Master Password's counter flaw can create issues that could lead to time wasted figuring out which counter you're on or resetting passwords.
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<h2>TeamPassword: A Better Password Management Solution</h2>
<a href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">TeamPassword is a robust password management solution</a> for teams to share credentials securely. Passwords are hashed, salted, and encrypted locally on your computer and then transmitted via an encrypted connection to the TeamPassword server.
This password storage method means you can never preview passwords (prevents unauthorized sharing), and not even TeamPassword can retrieve your credentials.
TeamPassword is a secure hosting provider with multiple security accreditations and uses state-of-the-art encryption technology.
<h3>Secure and Easy Credential Sharing</h3>
Unlike Master Password, TeamPassword lets you share credentials with employees, freelancers, and clients.&nbsp;
Here's how easy it is to share passwords in TeamPassword:
<ol>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Create a TeamPassword account for your business&mdash;we offer a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">14-day free trial</a> ;)</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Add your passwords to TeamPassword&mdash;we recommend resetting your passwords when moving to TeamPassword using our built-in <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">secure password generator</a>.</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Provide each team member with a TeamPassword login</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Create groups for your various accounts and add only the team members who need access&mdash;for example, a "Social Media Group" will have all your social media accounts, and only the social media or marketing team will have access</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1">Revoke access for any team member with a few clicks</li>
</ol>
If you need to change a password, simply use the built-in password generator, and TeamPassword automatically updates the new credentials for all users. No need to inform anyone or share the new password.
<h3>Features to Prevent Breaches</h3>
Each team member can protect their <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/password-manager-with-2fa">TeamPassword account with two-factor authentication (2FA)</a>&mdash;we use Google Authenticator and Authy available on iOS and Android.
With 2FA, even if attackers steal a team member's TeamPassword credentials, they can't log in without the second authentication step.
In the unlikely event that someone does breach your TeamPassword account, attackers have no way to preview or export your company's stored credentials.
<h3>Keeping Track of TeamPassword Activity</h3>
Another feature Master Password lacks is activity tracking and email notifications&mdash;crucial for reacting fast to suspicious activity!
TeamPassword's activity log keeps track of every action, including logins, sharing, password resets, new team members, and more. You can also set up email notifications for TeamPassword actions for instant alerts.
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<h2>More Master Password Alternatives</h2>
At TeamPassword, we're confident that we have the most secure and user-friendly password manager, so we don't mind sharing some of our competitors.
<ul>
<li aria-level="1"><a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/1password-alternatives" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">1Password</a> - An effective password management solution. Limited customer support.&nbsp;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/category/review" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">LastPass</a> - If you're not tech-savvy, LastPass can be difficult to learn. Additionally, LastPass <a href="https://krebsonsecurity.com/2023/09/experts-fear-crooks-are-cracking-keys-stolen-in-lastpass-breach/" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">suffered a series of concerning breaches</a>. Security experts do not recommend them.&nbsp;</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/dashlane-alternatives" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">DashLane</a> is one of the most popular password managers for personal and family use and one of the most expensive.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
TeamPassword has no limits on the number of passwords or accounts you can store!
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<h2>Try TeamPassword for Free</h2>
The only master password you need is for your TeamPassword account!
Test our Groups and Sharing feature with your team members to experience the convenience of secure password sharing with TeamPassword. <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">Sign up for a 14-day free trial today</a>!

What is a master password, and why do you need a password manager? How can you protect your credentials from cybercriminals? | TeamPassword

What is a master password, and why do you need a password manager? How can you protect your ...

What is a Master Password and Do I Need One?

What is a Master Password?

Utility companies, such as those that provide electricity, natural gas, and water, are increasingly vulnerable to cyberattacks. According to&nbsp;<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/energy/security-benchmark-study-utilities.pdf" href="https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/solutions/industries/docs/energy/security-benchmark-study-utilities.pdf">recent data</a> compiled by Cisco, 73% of IT security professionals who work in utilities say they've experienced a public security breach. This is a startling percentage when compared to the 55% in other industries.
Organizations within the utility sector must improve their cybersecurity posture to prevent dangerous threats. After all, threats are not only harmful to business operations but also potentially detrimental to the communities that rely on utility services.
In this cybersecurity for utilities guide, we'll discuss the common threats these companies are up against, the unique challenges they face when adopting cybersecurity principles, and the best practices required to mitigate risks.
First, here are the five key things to understand about cybersecurity for utilities:
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">The utility sector includes companies that supply many utilities, from water to natural gas. These companies also manage the delivery of these services and the utility infrastructure.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">There are many cyber threats facing utility companies, including hacking, phishing, ransomware, and other risks.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">Utility companies face many challenges when improving their security posture, including the use of legacy systems, the need to comply with ever-evolving standards, and the cost of security initiatives.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">These companies can improve their security posture quickly by implementing threat detection, improving their password hygiene, securing their physical infrastructure, and following other best practices.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">TeamPassword can help utility companies protect their critical data through secure password management and generation.</li>
</ul>
<h3>[Table of Contents]</h3>
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#understandingutilities" rel="follow">Understanding the Utilities Sector &amp; Its Technology</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#commoncyberthreats" rel="follow">Common Cyber Threats Facing Utility Companies</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#challenges&amp;roadblocks" rel="follow">Cybersecurity for Utilities: Challenges &amp; Roadblocks</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#7bestpractices" rel="follow">Cybersecurity for Utilities: 7 Best Practices</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="understandingutilities">Understanding the Utilities Sector &amp; Its Technology</h2>
The utilities sector includes a wide range of companies that supply various types of utilities. Some examples include electricity, water, natural gas, and sewage. These companies must also manage the delivery of these public services and the infrastructure required to provide them.
Managing utilities is complex. These companies must provide services such as electricity and water to an ever-growing population. At the same time, they must comply with many government regulations and heed the call to provide utilities in a way that supports the environment. Plus, they must do all of this while keeping a close eye on consumer costs and overall supply.
Luckily, the critical responsibilities of a utility company are being simplified through the support of modern technology. For example, using data analytics, utility companies can spot potential issues within the grid before outages occur, streamlining operations and saving costs.
Another example is found in the "<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/smart_grid.html" href="https://www.smartgrid.gov/the_smart_grid/smart_grid.html">smart grid</a>," which is inspiring electricity providers to adopt advanced technology such as digital meters that automatically report outages and usage. As a result, providers can boost the efficiency of utility delivery, lower costs for consumers, and more.
<h2 id="commoncyberthreats">Common Cyber Threats Facing Utility Companies</h2>
It's true that modern technology is improving the way utility companies deliver services and how consumers experience them. However, each new tech tool or solution implemented extends the attack surface, leaving utility companies vulnerable.
Some of the most common cyber threats facing utility companies include:
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">Hacking: According to the Threat Intelligence Index <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://securityintelligence.com/articles/todays-biggest-threats-against-the-energy-grid/" href="https://securityintelligence.com/articles/todays-biggest-threats-against-the-energy-grid/">report</a>, 40% of cyber attacks were cybercriminals trying to exploit or hack a public-facing application. These applications often include websites or databases.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">Phishing: Another common threat is <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/blog/10-cyberattacks-recently-used-by-hackers-2023" href="https://teampassword.com/blog/10-cyberattacks-recently-used-by-hackers-2023">phishing</a>. Using this method, cybercriminals send emails pretending to be from reputable companies or authorities. These emails ask for personal information, such as passwords, that can help attackers gain access to your systems.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1">Ransomware: Using ransomware, attackers will use malicious software to block access to your critical computer systems until you pay a ransom.</li>
</ul>
Beyond these risks, utility companies are also susceptible to physical infrastructure attacks, data theft, and other threats. According to IBM's <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/DB4GL8YM?_ga=2.218868441.1301765225.1695318790-485307925.1692896475&amp;_gl=1*1acfkmr*_ga*NDg1MzA3OTI1LjE2OTI4OTY0NzU.*_ga_FYECCCS21D*MTY5NTMxODc4OS4yLjEuMTY5NTMxOTc1MC4wLjAuMA.." href="https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/DB4GL8YM?_ga=2.218868441.1301765225.1695318790-485307925.1692896475&amp;_gl=1*1acfkmr*_ga*NDg1MzA3OTI1LjE2OTI4OTY0NzU.*_ga_FYECCCS21D*MTY5NTMxODc4OS4yLjEuMTY5NTMxOTc1MC4wLjAuMA..">Security X-Force Threat Index</a>, energy firms were at the top of the victim list for cyber crimes in 2022, making up 20% of attacks.
For example, in 2022, Colorado Springs Utilities was a victim of <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.cpr.org/2022/07/14/colorado-springs-utilities-customer-personal-information-st/" href="https://www.cpr.org/2022/07/14/colorado-springs-utilities-customer-personal-information-st/">data theft</a> when criminals gained access to the personal information of 200,000 customers. And in Europe, the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2297896-cyberattack-causing-problems-at-ara-storage-terminals" href="https://www.argusmedia.com/en/news/2297896-cyberattack-causing-problems-at-ara-storage-terminals">refining hub</a> experienced an attack on six oil storage terminals that affected the loading and unloading of oil.
<h2 id="challenges&amp;roadblocks">Cybersecurity for Utilities: Challenges &amp; Roadblocks</h2>
Cybersecurity for utilities is different when compared to typical IT security. When attempting to improve their cybersecurity posture, it's common for utility companies to face roadblocks. To start, many companies are still using legacy systems that are difficult to secure and fail to play well with more modern security methods.
Another challenge is the need to comply with ever-evolving standards, such as those set forth by the North American Electric Reliability Corporation (<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Pages/default.aspx" href="https://www.nerc.com/pa/Stand/Pages/default.aspx">NERC</a>). Compliance can be difficult, especially as utility companies work to implement new technology for which security guidelines may not exist just yet.
Of course, cost is a consistent challenge for those providing power and other services. Since energy rates are heavily regulated, utility companies must be careful when budgeting for any improvements, including those surrounding security.
<h2 id="7bestpractices">Cybersecurity for Utilities: 7 Best Practices</h2>
Even with the above challenges, there are steps you can take to improve your company's security posture. These steps include:
<ol>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Implementing threat detection.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Securing your physical utility infrastructure.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Performing regular system security audits.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Training staff on security protocols.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Implementing data backups and recovery plans.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Improving password use and management.</li>
<li data-gc-list-style="ordered" data-gc-list-depth="1">Using a security framework as a guide.</li>
</ol>
<h3>#1. Implement Threat Detection</h3>
Threat detection is the process of identifying potential cyber risks and putting a process in place to mitigate them. Through threat detection, you can prevent attacks from damaging your critical systems and infrastructure.
In the past, threat detection was a manual process that was overwhelmingly time-consuming. Now, through <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/blog/automated-cybersecurity" href="https://teampassword.com/blog/automated-cybersecurity">modern automation technology</a>, you have access to many threat detection and response (TDR) tools. For example, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms can be used to identify threats by analyzing data from various sources.
<h3>#2. Secure Physical Utility Infrastructure</h3>
Not all attacks may target your computer systems. It's possible that attackers may come against your physical utility infrastructure. In fact, there have been threats of terrorism directed at infrastructure such as power grids.
Other threats, such as natural disasters, may not be malicious in nature. However, they can quickly damage your facilities and leave consumers without the resources they need. The key is to secure your physical infrastructure and systems.
There are many ways to do this. For example, you can implement robust access control features that require all who must enter your location or access your systems to use a fob or key card. Other methods can also be used, such as the installation of surveillance cameras and sensors that can detect unauthorized access.
<h3>#3. Perform Regular System Security Audits</h3>
The threat landscape is changing rapidly. Securing your systems isn't a one-and-done process. You must ensure your security protocols are up to the challenge of even the newest threats. One way to make sure you're ready for whatever comes your way is to perform regular security audits.
A security audit is the process of testing your security protocols to identify and mitigate any weaknesses. These audits typically involve diving into data security, network security, and other critical elements to ensure they're compliant and free of potential security holes.
For most companies, security audits should be performed at least once per year. However, for utility companies, more frequent audits may be necessary.
<h3>#4. Train Staff on Security Protocols</h3>
Your staff is on the frontlines when it comes to defending your utility company against threats. And unfortunately, human error is often the cause of security risks. In fact, <a href="https://edubirdie.com/blog/the-psychology-of-human-error" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">88% of data breaches are caused by human error</a>.
It's critical to ensure your <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-best-practices-for-employees" href="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-best-practices-for-employees">employees understand security protocols</a> and know what to do in the event of an attack. To start, document your cybersecurity policies and protocols and keep them readily available to your team. Hold regular training sessions to discuss any policy changes or new threats.
It's also important to ensure your team understands how to use email correctly, how to access and use company data, and how to protect company information when using a mobile device.
<h3>#5. Implement Data Backups &amp; Recovery Plans</h3>
A critical element of threat detection and prevention is planning. You can get a jumpstart on preventing risks by implementing data backups and creating a recovery plan.
A data backup simply means creating a copy of your critical data and storing it elsewhere, such as in the cloud. Why back up your data? In the case of data theft or ransomware, for example, you'll still have access to the data you need to keep utilities available.
You should also have a <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-complete-guide" href="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-complete-guide">recovery plan</a> in place. In the event of a data breach or attack, the recovery plan outlines the necessary steps you should take to recover. Following a plan can help you mitigate threats faster, prevent long periods of downtime, and reduce the costs associated with cyber attacks.
<h3>#6. Improve Password Use &amp; Management</h3>
There's one thing that often stands between a cybercriminal and your critical systems: the humble password. One simple yet incredibly effective way of improving security is by creating stronger passwords and managing them effectively.
First, what makes a <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/blog/tips-and-tricks-to-create-a-strong-password" href="https://teampassword.com/blog/tips-and-tricks-to-create-a-strong-password">strong password</a>? These passwords are longer than 12 characters, feature a mix of letters, numbers, and special characters, and don't include personal information. For the best results, use a <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">password generator</a> that can provide unhackable passwords at the click of a button.
Strong passwords should still be managed appropriately. For example, it's time to stop using spreadsheets to share passwords across teams. Instead, opt for a <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/features" href="https://teampassword.com/features">password manager</a> tool, such as TeamPassword. Password managers store passwords for quick and <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://teampassword.com/security" href="https://teampassword.com/security">secure logins</a> while also enabling seamless sharing for your employees.
<h3>#7. Use a Security Framework as a Guide</h3>
When it comes to cybersecurity for utilities, you don't have to start from scratch. There are various frameworks you can use as a guide for improving your security posture.
For example, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework" href="https://www.nist.gov/cyberframework">NIST</a>) provides an in-depth cybersecurity framework that covers everything from identifying threats to recovering from attacks. In addition, the Office of Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response offers the Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (<a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://www.energy.gov/ceser/cybersecurity-capability-maturity-model-c2m2" href="https://www.energy.gov/ceser/cybersecurity-capability-maturity-model-c2m2">C2M2</a>) for utility companies that must assess their security capabilities.
<h2>Protect Your Critical Systems With TeamPassword</h2>
By following the above best practices and using the tools and frameworks at your disposal, you'll be able to better protect your critical systems and infrastructure.
One step you can take today is to improve the way you use and manage passwords. TeamPassword can help. Our password management tools are designed especially for teams and offer a wide range of capabilities, from password generation to password sharing. Plus, it's easy to use! Get started today by <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" data-gc-link="https://app.teampassword.com/signup?_gl=1*14nmsrj*_gcl_au*MjEyNDYyMjE4Ny4xNjk0MDE3MDM2" href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup">signing up for TeamPassword</a>.

The utilities sector is ripe for cyber threats. Learn more about these threats and how to prevent them in this guide about cybersecurity for utilities.

The utilities sector is ripe for cyber threats. Learn more about these threats and how to prevent them ...

Cybersecurity for Industrial Control Systems: Best Practices

Cybersecurity for Utilities: Common Threats & Best Practices

You've probably heard the term 'WebAuthn' used in conjunction with passkeys. And while you've probably set up a passkey here and there and enjoyed the convenience of using your fingerprint to sign in to an application, you may be wondering how WebAuthn and passkeys are connected.&nbsp;
We'll clear up the difference between passkeys and WebAuthn in this article.&nbsp;
Here is the key difference between Passkeys and WebAuthn:
<ul>
<li>Passkey is a credential - it is one method for passwordless login</li>
<li>WebAuthn is a specification that helps developers implement passkeys on web applications</li>
</ul>
<h3>[Table of Contents]</h3>
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#whatisapasskey" rel="follow">What Is a Passkey?</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#whatiswebauthn" rel="follow">What Is WebAuthn?</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#keysimilaritiesdifferences" rel="follow">Passkey vs. WebAuthn: Key Similarities &amp; Differences</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#arepasswordontheirwayout" rel="follow">Are Passwords On Their Way Out?</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="whatisapasskey">What Is a Passkey?</h2>
A passkey is a type of authentication method that allows users to access online services <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/passkey-vs-password" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">without using passwords</a>. Passkeys use asymmetric <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public-key_cryptography" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">public key cryptography</a>.
'Passkey' is a marketing term popularized by vendors like Google and Apple, and refers to Multi-Device FIDO Credentials implemented with the <a href="https://fidoalliance.org/specifications/" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">WebAuthn specification</a>.&nbsp;After reading that mouthful, you understand why everyone calls them passkeys!&nbsp;
More specifically, Passkey refers to a credential that uses public-private key cryptography and, rather than locking the private key to a single device, syncs it across devices. When passkeys were first rolled out, vendors would only sync within their ecosystem. If you created a passkey on an Apple device, it would only automatically sync to other Apple devices. If you needed to access that account on an Android device, you would need to create a separate passkey. We've written about this process thoroughly in our <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/passkey-technology#:~:text=device%20FIDO%20credentials-,Passkey%20Login%20Examples,-Note%3A%C2%A0Below" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">article on passkey technology</a>.&nbsp;
In the second half of 2023, third-party password managers started supporting passkey syncing. This is great news for the consumer - your passkeys don't have to be vendor or browser locked (e.g. Google Password Manager with Chromium-based browsers, and iCloud Keychain with Safari).&nbsp;
<h3>How Does a Passkey Work?</h3>
The public key is registered with the online service, while the private key never leaves the device (unless it is synced to other devices, as is commonly the case now). When the user wants to log in, the online service sends a challenge to the device, which uses the private key to sign it and send it back. The online service verifies the signature using the public key and grants access to the user.
There are several protocols running in the background to help make this possible: CTAP (client to authenticator protocol) which helps your browser talk to the authenticator, and WebAuthn which tells the browser how to talk to the web application for authentication.
<h3>Benefits of Passkeys</h3>
<ul style="list-style-type: disc;">
<li>Enhanced Security:&nbsp;Passkeys offer a higher level of security than traditional passwords, as they rely on unique and immutable biometric data that is difficult to forge or steal.</li>
<li>Convenience: Passkeys use an auhentication mechanism that the user already uses every day - the biometrics or PIN that unlocks their device. No more resetting passwords.&nbsp;</li>
<li>Protection Against Phishing Attacks: Passkeys are not susceptible to phishing attacks, as the private key is never seen by the user, unlike text-based passwords.&nbsp;</li>
<li>Reduced Credential Fatigue: Passkeys eliminate the temptation to reuse passwords across accounts - a bad habit that's all too easy when juggling hundreds of passwords.</li>
<li>Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) Enhancement:&nbsp;Passkeys can be integrated into multi-factor authentication strategies, further fortifying account security.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="whatiswebauthn">What Is WebAuthn?</h2>
WebAuthn is a web standard that defines an API for accessing public key credentials by web applications. It's goal is secure user authentication without passwords. The specification was published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the FIDO Alliance, and is a core component of the FIDO2 Project. &nbsp;
<h3>How Does WebAuthn Work?</h3>
WebAuthn works by allowing web applications to communicate with authenticators, which are devices or software that can generate and store cryptographic keys and perform operations with them. Authenticators can be built-in to the platform (such as a Trusted Platform Module or a biometric sensor), or external (such as a USB security key or a smartphone). Web applications can request the creation of new credentials, or the assertion of existing ones, by calling the WebAuthn API methods in the browser. The browser then mediates the interaction with the authenticator, and returns the result to the web application. &nbsp;
In simpler terms, WebAuthn enables web applications to verify your identity using something you have (your device with its unique private key) in conjunction with the biometric data or PIN you use to unlock your device, instead of requiring you to create and remember/store a unique password for every website you use.&nbsp;
This way, you can have stronger and more convenient security for your online accounts, without having to rely on passwords that can be forgotten, stolen, or compromised.
<h3>Benefits of WebAuthn</h3>
Some of the benefits of WebAuthn are:
<ul>
<li>Resistant to phishing, man-in-the-middle, and replay attacks, since the authenticator only responds to legitimate requests from the origin that created the credential, and signs a challenge that is unique for each authentication session.</li>
<li>Privacy-preserving, since the authenticator does not reveal any personal or identifiable information to the web application, and does not link credentials across different origins.</li>
<li>Interoperable, since it is based on widely supported web standards and cryptographic algorithms, and allows for various types of authenticators and user verification methods.</li>
<li>User-friendly, since it reduces the need for passwords and offers a consistent and simple user experience across different platforms and devices.</li>
</ul>
Some of the criticisms of WebAuthn are:
<ul>
<li>It is not widely adopted yet, since it requires support from both web applications and browsers, and not all users have access to compatible authenticators.</li>
<li>It is not backward compatible with legacy systems that rely on passwords, which may limit its usability and acceptance by some users and organizations.</li>
<li>It is not foolproof, since it still depends on the security and integrity of the authenticator, the browser, the platform, and the user. For example, authenticators can be lost, stolen, or damaged; browsers can be compromised by malware or vulnerabilities; and platforms can be infected by rootkits or keyloggers.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="keysimilaritiesdifferences">Passkey vs. WebAuthn: Key Similarities and Differences</h2>
Passkeys and WebAuthn are complementary, not competing technologies. WebAuthn is one piece of the supporting structure that makes passkeys work.&nbsp;
<ul>
<li>Passkeys and WebAuthn work together to create a passwordless login experience for the user</li>
</ul>
Key difference:
<ul>
<li>Passkeys are a digital credential, whereas WebAuthn is a specification that allows browsers and websites to communicate regarding passkey authentication.&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
WebAuthn tells the browser how to talk to the website for authentication.&nbsp;
Your browser knows how to talk to the authenticator (usually your phone or laptop) using CTAP (client to authenticator protocol).
Once that&rsquo;s done, WebAuthn can tell the browser how to talk to the relying party (the website on which you&rsquo;re using the passkey) for authentication.
<h2 id="arepasswordontheirwayout">Are Passwords On Their Way Out?</h2>
Passwords are a hassle, and often a weak point in online security. There's no denying that. However, they are still essential for many websites and applications that do not support passwordless authentication methods. Until these technologies become more widely available and compatible, <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-password-security-teampassword" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">passwords remain a critical layer of protection</a> for our personal and professional data. It's important to improve our password hygiene and use strong, unique, and hard-to-guess passwords for each account.
The easiest and most secure way to do this is to use a password manager, which can <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">generate</a> and store complex passwords for us, and autofill them when we need to log in. This way, we can avoid using the same password for multiple accounts, or writing them down on paper or digital notes. Password managers can also alert us if our passwords have been compromised or leaked, and help us change them quickly. By using a password manager, we can enhance our online security and prepare for the transition to passwordless authentication in the future.
<h2>Keep Your Passwords Safe &amp; Secure With TeamPassword</h2>
Passkeys are being rolled out with a focus on individual users and individual accounts. Many businesses need to share account access with multiple users, granting and removing access as needed.
Until passkeys can handle this use-case securely and with ease, and until enterprise applications support them, passwords are a fact of life for business.&nbsp;
<a href="https://teampassword.com/features" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">TeamPassword</a> was designed for businesses who share passwords. It's one of the easiest password managers to use, while offering industry-standard AES 256-bit vault encryption (see our security page&nbsp;<a href="https://teampassword.com/security" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">here</a>).&nbsp;
We offer a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">14-day free trial</a>.&nbsp;

What's the difference between Passkeys and WebAuthn? Learn more about the new authentication method and the specification on which it is built.

What's the difference between Passkeys and WebAuthn? Learn more about the relationship between the authentication method and the ...

Passkey vs. WebAuthn: What's the Difference?

What's the difference between Passkeys and WebAuthn? Learn more about the relationship between the authentication method and the specification on which it is built.

Industrial control systems (ICSs) are the backbone of critical infrastructure. Power plants, water treatment facilities, and manufacturing plants rely on their smooth operation. These systems monitor and control physical processes, such as temperature, pressure, and flow. However, these systems are also increasingly exposed to cyber threats that can compromise their availability, integrity, and safety. In this guide, we will discuss the common threats to ICSs, why cybersecurity is important for these systems, and the best practices to secure them.
Here are the key things you need to know about cybersecurity for industrial control systems:
<ul>
<li>ICSs face various cyber threats, such as ransomware, malware, and advanced persistent threats (APTs), that disrupt service and cause permanent damage.&nbsp;</li>
<li>ICS cybersecurity is important to protect critical infrastructure, ensure operational continuity, and prevent physical and environmental harm.</li>
<li>ICS cybersecurity differs from traditional IT security and presents challenges such as legacy systems, new technology integration, and regulatory compliance.</li>
<li>ICS security requires a holistic approach that includes network segmentation, patching and updating software, training employees, implementing multi-factor authentication, and more.</li>
</ul>
<h3>[Table of Contents]</h3>
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#commonthreats" rel="follow">Common Threats for Industrial Control Systems (ICS)</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#whyICScybersecurityisimportant" rel="follow">Why ICS Cybersecurity Is Important</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#challengesofsecuringICS" rel="follow">The Challenges of Securing Industrial Control Systems</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#7bestpractices" rel="follow">Cybersecurity for Industrial Control Systems: 7 Best Practices</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="commonthreats">Common Threats for Industrial Control Systems (ICS)</h2>
ICSs are not immune to cyberattacks. In fact, they are often targeted by malicious actors who seek to disrupt or damage critical infrastructure. Some of the common threats to ICSs include:
Ransomware: This is a type of malware that encrypts data or systems and demands a ransom for decryption. Ransomware can affect ICSs by locking operators out of their systems or preventing them from accessing vital information. For example, in 2017, the <a href="https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/alerts/2017/07/01/petya-ransomware" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">NotPetya ransomware</a> infected several industrial organizations, including a Ukrainian power company and a Danish shipping company.
Malware: This is a general term for any malicious software that can harm or compromise a system. Malware can affect ICSs by stealing data, altering settings, disrupting operations, or causing physical damage. In 2010, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Stuxnet malware targeted Iranian nuclear facilities</a> and caused centrifuges to spin out of control.
APTs: These are advanced persistent threats that are carried out by sophisticated and well-resourced adversaries who aim to infiltrate and persist in a network for a long time. APTs can affect ICSs by conducting espionage, sabotage, or theft. In 2015, the BlackEnergy APT group launched a cyberattack against Ukrainian power grids and caused blackouts for hundreds of thousands of customers.
<h2 id="whyICScybersecurityisimportant">Why ICS Cybersecurity Is Important</h2>
The importance of ICS cybersecurity cannot be overstated. Securing these systems is essential for:
<ul>
<li>Protecting critical infrastructure: ICSs are responsible for delivering essential services that support the economy and society. A cyberattack on these systems can have severe consequences for public health, safety, and security. For example, a cyberattack on a water treatment plant could contaminate the water supply or cause flooding.</li>
<li>Ensuring operational continuity: ICSs are vital for maintaining productivity and efficiency in various industries. A cyberattack on these systems can cause downtime, loss of revenue, or reputational damage. For example, a cyberattack on a manufacturing plant could halt production or compromise product quality.</li>
<li>Preventing physical and environmental harm: ICSs control physical processes that involve hazardous materials or high-energy equipment. A cyberattack on these systems can cause physical injury or death to workers or civilians or environmental damage. For example, a cyberattack on a gas pipeline could cause an explosion or a fire.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="challengesofsecuringICS">The Challenges of Securing Industrial Control Systems</h2>
Securing ICSs is not an easy task. There are several differences between traditional IT security and ICS security that pose various challenges:
<ul>
<li>Legacy systems: Many ICSs were designed decades ago when cybersecurity was not a priority. These systems often run on outdated hardware and software that have known vulnerabilities or lack security features. Moreover, these systems are difficult to replace or upgrade due to high costs or operational constraints.</li>
<li>New technology integration: As technology evolves, many ICSs are adopting new technologies such as cloud computing, internet of things (IoT), or wireless communication. These technologies can improve performance and functionality but also introduce new attack vectors and risks. Furthermore, these technologies may not be compatible with legacy systems or existing security measures.</li>
<li>Regulatory compliance: ICSs operate in highly regulated environments that require adherence to various standards and regulations. These regulations may vary by industry or region and may impose specific requirements or limitations on security practices. Additionally, these regulations may not keep pace with the changing threat landscape or technology trends.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="7bestpractices">Cybersecurity for Industrial Control Systems: 7 Best Practices</h2>
To secure ICSs effectively, it is important to adopt a holistic approach that covers all aspects of security from prevention to detection to response. Here are some of the best practices to follow:
<h3>#1. Segment Networks</h3>
Network segmentation is the practice of dividing a network into smaller subnetworks or zones based on functionality, security level, or access control. Network segmentation can help secure ICSs by:
Isolating critical systems from non-critical systems or external networks. This can reduce the attack surface and prevent lateral movement of attackers within the network. Applying different security policies and controls to different segments based on their risk profile and needs. This can ensure that each segment has the appropriate level of protection and monitoring. Enhancing visibility and management of network traffic and activity. This can help detect and respond to anomalies or incidents faster and more effectively.
Some of the methods of segmenting networks for ICSs include:
<ul>
<li>Using firewalls, routers, switches, or gateways to create physical or logical boundaries between segments.</li>
<li>Using virtual local area networks (VLANs) or virtual private networks (VPNs) to create virtual boundaries between segments.</li>
<li>Using encryption, authentication, or authorization to secure data and access between segments.</li>
</ul>
<h3>#2. Regularly Patch and Update Software</h3>
Patching and updating software is the process of applying fixes or improvements to software or firmware to address bugs, vulnerabilities, or performance issues. Patching and updating software can help secure ICSs by:
<ul>
<li>Eliminating known vulnerabilities that can be exploited by attackers. This can reduce the likelihood and impact of cyberattacks.</li>
<li>Enhancing functionality and compatibility of software or firmware. This can improve performance and reliability of systems and devices.</li>
<li>Complying with regulatory requirements or industry standards. This can avoid penalties or sanctions for non-compliance.</li>
</ul>
Some of the challenges of patching and updating software for ICSs include:
<ul>
<li>Finding and testing patches or updates that are compatible with legacy systems or devices. This may require coordination with vendors or manufacturers.</li>
<li><a href="https://www.darkreading.com/ics-ot/unpatched-iot-ot-devices-pile-up-ics-cyberattacks#:~:text=Why%20ICS%20Patching%20Takes%20So%20Long" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Scheduling downtime or maintenance windows</a> to apply patches or updates without disrupting operations. This may require planning and communication with stakeholders. Balancing security and stability of systems or devices. This may require prioritizing patches or updates based on their criticality and risk.</li>
</ul>
<h3>#3. Train Employees to Build Awareness</h3>
<img src="https://cdn.buttercms.com/efjYkgHOSX2QsDjNeEsC" alt="undefined" width="618" height="618">
Training employees is the process of <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">educating and informing employees about cybersecurity</a> policies, procedures, and best practices. Training employees can help secure ICSs by:
<ul>
<li>Increasing awareness and understanding of cyber threats, risks, and impacts. This can help employees recognize and avoid potential attacks or incidents.</li>
<li>Improving skills and knowledge of cybersecurity tools and techniques. This can help employees perform their tasks securely and efficiently.</li>
<li>Fostering a culture of security and responsibility among employees. This can help employees report incidents, follow guidelines, and support security initiatives.</li>
</ul>
Some of the methods of training employees for ICSs include:
<ul>
<li>Providing regular training sessions or workshops on cybersecurity topics relevant to ICSs, such as common threats, security controls, incident response, etc.</li>
<li>Developing online courses or modules that employees can access anytime and anywhere.</li>
<li>Creating posters, flyers, newsletters, or videos that convey cybersecurity messages or tips in an engaging way.</li>
</ul>
<h3>#4. Implement Multi-Factor Authentication</h3>
<a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/maximize-security-with-2fa" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Multi-factor authentication</a> (MFA) is the practice of requiring two or more factors to verify the identity of a user before granting access to a system or resource. The factors may include something the user knows (such as a password), something the user has (such as a token), or something the user is (such as a fingerprint). MFA can help secure ICSs by:
<ul>
<li>Preventing unauthorized access to systems or resources by attackers who may have stolen or guessed passwords or credentials. This can protect sensitive data and prevent tampering with settings or operations.</li>
<li>Enhancing accountability and traceability of user actions by linking them to specific identities. This can help monitor and audit user activity and behavior.</li>
<li>Complying with regulatory requirements or industry standards that mandate MFA for certain systems or resources. This can avoid penalties or sanctions for non-compliance.</li>
</ul>
Some of the challenges of implementing MFA for ICSs include:
<ul>
<li>Finding and deploying MFA solutions that are compatible with legacy systems or devices. This may require coordination with vendors or manufacturers.</li>
<li>Educating and training users on how to use MFA solutions correctly and securely. This may require providing guidance and support to users.</li>
<li>Balancing security and usability of MFA solutions. This may require choosing MFA factors that are convenient and reliable for users.</li>
</ul>
<h3>#5. Improve Password Hygiene</h3>
According to research from Nozomi Networks, poor <a href="https://www.nozominetworks.com/blog/new-nozomi-networks-labs-report-august-2023#:~:text=Findings%20from%20Real%2DWorld%20OT/IoT%20Deployments" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">password hygiene continues to top the lists</a> for critical alerts affecting industrial control systems.&nbsp;
Passwords are the first line of defense for securing ICS systems. They prevent unauthorized access to critical systems and data. However, passwords can also be the weakest link if they are not managed properly.
Good password hygiene means following some best practices, such as:
<ul>
<li>Using strong and unique passwords for each account and system</li>
<li>Changing passwords regularly and avoiding reusing old passwords</li>
<li>Storing passwords securely and not sharing them with others</li>
<li>Using multi-factor authentication when possible</li>
</ul>
Managing passwords for ICS systems can be challenging, especially when there are multiple users, devices, and systems involved. That's why you need a password management solution like TeamPassword.
TeamPassword is a <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">security-first</a> password vault that allows you to share passwords with your teammates within an AES 256-bit secured environment.&nbsp;
TeamPassword helps you&nbsp;<a href="https://teampassword.com/features" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">create, store, and share</a> passwords securely and easily. You can organize your passwords into groups and assign access permissions to different users. You can also sync your passwords across devices and browsers, so you can access your ICS systems from anywhere. TeamPassword includes a <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">built-in password generator</a> so you can quickly create secure passwords.
Password management is tedious without the right tools - and if that's the case, people usually don't do it. TeamPassword works to make good password hygiene easy.&nbsp;
<h3>#6. Continuously Monitor ICS for Threats</h3>
ICS systems are constantly exposed to various threats, such as malware, ransomware, denial-of-service attacks, and phishing. These threats can disrupt the normal operation of ICS systems, cause damage to equipment and infrastructure, and endanger public safety and health.
To prevent these threats from compromising your ICS systems, you need to continuously monitor them for any signs of suspicious or malicious activity. You need to have a clear visibility of your network traffic, system performance, and user behavior. You also need to have a reliable detection system that can alert you of any anomalies or incidents.
<h3>#7. Ensure Physical Assets Are Secure</h3>
Securing your ICS systems is not only about protecting them from cyber threats, but also from physical threats. Physical threats can include theft, vandalism, sabotage, fire, flood, or natural disasters. These threats can damage or destroy your ICS equipment and data, as well as harm the people who operate or depend on them.
To ensure your physical assets are secure, you need to implement some measures, such as:
<ul>
<li>Locking and securing the locations where your ICS equipment and data are stored</li>
<li>Restricting access to authorized personnel only and verifying their identity</li>
<li>Installing surveillance cameras and alarms to deter intruders</li>
<li>Having backup power sources and data recovery plans in case of emergencies</li>
<li>Conducting regular inspections and maintenance of your ICS equipment</li>
</ul>
<h2>Protect Your ICS Passwords &amp; Data With TeamPassword</h2>
We've discussed some tips on how to protect your ICS systems from cyber and physical threats. If you're looking for a password management solution designed for teams, give TeamPassword a serious look.
TeamPassword is designed to be so easy to use that your employees won't be tempted to revert to insecure password habits. Divide passwords into groups so that teammates only access what they need, and ensure that your passwords never leave a secure environment. Features like the password generator, reminders, and enforceable 2FA work together to create a practical solution for securing company passwords.&nbsp;
To learn more about how TeamPassword can help you protect your ICS passwords and data,&nbsp;<a href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">sign up for a free trial today</a>!

When it comes to protecting your ICS, there are some best practices to follow. Learn more about cybersecurity for industrial control systems in this guide.

When it comes to protecting your ICS, there are some best practices to follow. Learn more about cybersecurity ...

As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity and frequency, the need for robust defenses is more pressing than ever. Enter cybersecurity artificial intelligence (AI), a technology that holds the promise of enhancing our digital defenses. However, it's essential to acknowledge that while cybersecurity AI is advancing rapidly, it still faces significant shortcomings. In this guide, we will explore the current landscape of cybersecurity AI, its shortcomings, and the exciting potential for growth in this field.
[Table of Contents]
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#currentlandscape" rel="follow">The Current Landscape of Cybersecurity AI</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#howiscybersecurityaibeingimproved" rel="follow">How Is Cybersecurity AI Being Improved?</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#theevolution" rel="follow">The Evolution of Cybersecurity AI: Potential Challenges</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#simpletips" rel="follow">Simple Tips for Strengthening Your Cybersecurity</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="currentlandscape">The Current Landscape of Cybersecurity AI</h2>
Cybersecurity AI is already <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/ai-cybersecurity-solutions" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">playing a pivotal role</a> in safeguarding digital assets. From threat detection to response automation, AI algorithms are being deployed across various domains of cybersecurity.&nbsp;
However, AI also has some shortcomings that limit its effectiveness and pose new challenges for security professionals. Some of these shortcomings are:
<ul>
<li>Resources: AI systems require a lot of computing power, memory, and data to function properly. These resources are not always available or affordable for small and medium-sized businesses, making them less able to leverage AI for security purposes.</li>
<li>Data sets: AI models are trained with learning data sets that reflect the patterns and behaviors of cyber threats. However, these data sets may be incomplete, outdated, or biased, affecting the accuracy and reliability of AI predictions. Additionally, data sets may contain sensitive information that could be compromised or misused by malicious actors.</li>
<li>Hackers also use AI: Cybercriminals can also use AI to create more sophisticated and stealthy malware, evade detection, and launch targeted attacks. For example, they can use AI to generate convincing phishing emails, create realistic deepfakes, or manipulate data. Therefore, security professionals need to constantly update and monitor their AI systems to counter these threats.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="howiscybersecurityaibeingimproved">How Is Cybersecurity AI Being Improved?</h2>
As we said above, cybercriminals are using AI to enhance their attacks. In response, cybersecurity experts are leveraging the power of AI to defend against the enhanced attacks.
Here are some of the ways cybersecurity AI is being improved:
<h3>Data-Driven Improvements</h3>
By collecting and processing data from various sources, such as network devices, applications, sensors, and user behavior, AI can learn to identify patterns and trends that indicate malicious activity. AI can also use data to optimize security policies and configurations, as well as to provide actionable insights and recommendations to security teams. For example, AI can help detect and prevent data breaches by monitoring data access and usage, alerting security teams of suspicious or unauthorized activities, and enforcing encryption and authentication protocols. &nbsp;
<h3>Better Machine Learning Models</h3>
Machine learning is a subset of AI that enables systems to learn from data and improve their performance without explicit programming. <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/automated-cybersecurity#:~:text=for%20Automated%20Cybersecurity-,What%20Is%20Automated%20Cybersecurity%3F,-Automated%20cybersecurity%20is" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Machine learning models</a> can be trained to recognize and classify different types of cyber threats, such as malware, phishing, ransomware, denial-of-service attacks, etc. Machine learning models can also be updated and refined with new data and feedback, making them more accurate and adaptable over time. For example, machine learning can help detect and block malware by analyzing the behavior and characteristics of malicious code, comparing it with known malware signatures and variants,&nbsp;
<h3>Adaptive Learning</h3>
Adaptive learning is a form of machine learning that enables systems to adjust their behavior and strategies based on changing conditions and feedback.
Adaptive learning can help cybersecurity AI to cope with the dynamic and evolving nature of cyber threats, as well as to respond to new or unknown attacks. It can also help cybersecurity AI to balance between security and performance, as well as to avoid false positives and negatives. For example, adaptive learning can help optimize firewall rules by analyzing network traffic patterns, detecting anomalies and intrusions, and modifying firewall settings accordingly. &nbsp;
<h3>Human &amp; AI Collaboration</h3>
Human &amp; AI Collaboration: Human &amp; AI collaboration is the integration of human expertise and judgment with AI capabilities and automation. Human &amp; AI collaboration can help cybersecurity AI to leverage the strengths of both parties, such as human creativity and intuition, and AI speed and scalability. Human &amp; AI collaboration can also help cybersecurity AI to overcome the limitations and challenges of both parties, such as human bias and fatigue, and AI exploitability and trustworthiness. For example, human &amp; AI collaboration can help improve incident response by combining human analysis and decision making with AI automation and orchestration, enabling faster and more effective detection, containment, and remediation of cyber threats. &nbsp;
<h2 id="theevolution">The Evolution of Cybersecurity AI: Potential Challenges</h2>
One challenge is the knowledge gap between cybersecurity experts and AI developers. Cybersecurity is a complex and dynamic field that requires specialized skills and experience. AI is a rapidly developing technology that requires technical expertise and creativity. The two domains may not communicate well or share common goals, leading to misunderstandings, conflicts, or inefficiencies.
For example, cybersecurity experts may not trust or adopt AI solutions that they do not understand or control, while AI developers may not address the security risks or ethical issues that their solutions may create or worsen.
Another challenge is the privacy concern from using AI in cybersecurity. AI relies on large amounts of data to learn and improve. Some of this data may be sensitive or personal, such as user behavior, preferences, or identity. The collection, processing, storage, and sharing of such data may threaten the privacy of individuals or organizations, especially if the data is not protected or anonymized. Moreover, AI may generate or infer new information from the data that was not intended or consented by the data owners, such as predictions, recommendations, or decisions. This raises questions about the transparency, accountability, and fairness of AI in cybersecurity.
A third challenge is the lack of data that hinders AI in cybersecurity. Data is essential for AI to learn and function effectively. However, data in cybersecurity is often scarce, noisy, imbalanced, or outdated. This is because cyberattacks are rare events that are hard to detect and collect; they vary widely in their types, sources, targets, and impacts; and they change and adapt to evade security measures. It is hard to obtain high-quality and representative data that can capture the diversity and complexity of cyberattacks and enable AI to generalize and respond appropriately.
<h2 id="simpletips">Simple Tips for Strengthening Your Cybersecurity</h2>
While we await further advancements in cybersecurity AI, there are steps you can take to bolster your digital defenses:
<ol style="list-style-type: none;">
<li>
Use Strong Passwords: Create <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">complex, unique passwords</a> for each online account, and consider using a password manager like TeamPassword to securely store them.
</li>
<li>
Utilize Antivirus Software and Firewalls: Install reliable antivirus software and firewalls to provide an additional layer of protection against malware and network threats.
</li>
<li>
Employee Training: <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-best-practices-for-employees" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Educate your team</a> about potential cyber threats and how to recognize phishing attempts or other suspicious activities.
</li>
<li>
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Enable MFA wherever possible to add an extra layer of security to your accounts.
</li>
<li>
Continuous Monitoring: Regularly scan your systems for vulnerabilities and keep software and applications up to date to patch known security issues.
</li>
</ol>
By following these simple tips and considering the potential advantages of tools like TeamPassword, you can strengthen your cybersecurity posture while also keeping an eye on the exciting developments in cybersecurity AI. As AI technology continues to grow, it will undoubtedly become an even more integral part of our defense against evolving cyber threats.
<h2>Improve Your Cybersecurity With TeamPassword</h2>
If you share passwords with colleagues and need an easy, secure, and cost-effective way to do so,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="follow noopener" href="https://app.teampassword.com/signup">try TeamPassword</a>. If you have questions,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="follow noopener" href="https://teampassword.com/support">reach out to our team</a>&nbsp;- we're happy to hear from you.&nbsp;
TeamPassword focuses on&nbsp;frictionless implementation,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="follow noopener" href="https://teampassword.com/features">ease of use</a>,&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="follow noopener" href="https://teampassword.com/security">security</a>, and&nbsp;exceptional customer support.
Need proof? Read what&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="follow noopener" href="https://www.g2.com/products/teampassword/features">our customers are saying about us on G2</a>.&nbsp;

How is cybersecurity AI being improved? The use of AI in cybersecurity is ever-evolving. Learn more about this growth and what the future may hold here.

How is cybersecurity AI being improved? The use of AI in cybersecurity is ever-evolving. Learn more about this ...

How Is Cybersecurity AI Being Improved? Shortcomings & Growth

If you are a service organization that handles sensitive customer data, you may have heard of SOC 2 compliance. SOC 2 is a set of standards that evaluates how well you protect your data from unauthorized access, misuse, or loss. Achieving SOC 2 compliance can boost your reputation, trustworthiness, and customer satisfaction.
One of the key aspects of SOC 2 compliance is password management. Passwords are the first line of defense against cyberattacks, and they need to be strong, secure, and updated when necessary. In this blog post, we will explain what SOC 2 password requirements are and how you can meet and exceed them with some best practices. Here are the key things you need to know about SOC 2 password requirements:
<ul>
<li>SOC 2 is based on five Trust Services Criteria: security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy.</li>
<li>Password requirements fall under the security criterion, which covers logical and physical access controls.</li>
<li>Passwords should be at least 12-16 characters long and include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.</li>
<li>Passwords should be changed every 90 days or less and not reused for at least six months.</li>
<li>Accounts should be locked out after five or more failed login attempts.</li>
</ul>
[Table of Contents]
<ul>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#overview" rel="follow">An Overview of SOC 2</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#whypasswordrequirementsarecrucial" rel="follow">Why Password Requirements Are Crucial in SOC 2</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#passwordrequirementsexplained" rel="follow">SOC 2 Password Requirements Explained</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#bestpractices" rel="follow">Best Practices to Meet and Exceed SOC 2 Password Requirements</a></li>
<li data-gc-list-style="bullet" data-gc-list-depth="1"><a href="#othercriticalsoc2requirements" rel="follow">Other Critical SOC 2 Requirements for Compliance</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="overview">An Overview of SOC 2</h2>
SOC 2 is a report that provides assurance on how well a service organization manages its customer data. It is issued by an independent auditor who evaluates the organization's controls against the Trust Services Criteria (TSC) established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The TSC has five categories that cover different aspects of data security:
<ul>
<li>Security - ensures the protection of information and systems from unauthorized access, disclosure, and damage that could jeopardize availability, integrity, confidentiality, and privacy, impacting the entity's objectives.</li>
<li>Availability - guarantees that information and systems are accessible to support the entity's goals.</li>
<li>Processing integrity - ensures that system processing is accurate, timely, valid, complete, and authorized, aligning with the entity's objectives.</li>
<li>Confidentiality - safeguards designated confidential information in alignment with the entity's objectives.</li>
<li>Privacy - governs the collection, use, retention, disclosure, and disposal of personal information to meet the entity's objectives.</li>
</ul>
Depending on the nature and scope of their services, organizations may choose to comply with one or more of these criteria. However, security is the most common and essential criterion for all service organizations that handle customer data.
<h2 id="whypasswordrequirementsarecrucial">Why Password Requirements Are Crucial in SOC 2</h2>
Passwords are one of the most basic and important controls for securing data. They prevent unauthorized access to systems, applications, databases, networks, devices, and other resources that store or process customer data. However, passwords are also one of the most vulnerable and exploited controls by cybercriminals. According to Verizon's 2020 Data Breach Investigations Report , 80% of hacking-related breaches involved compromised or weak credentials. Some of the common ways that passwords can be compromised include:
<ul>
<li>Brute-force attacks: Trying different combinations of characters until the correct password is found.</li>
<li>Dictionary attacks: Trying common or predictable passwords based on words, names, dates, or other information.</li>
<li>Phishing attacks: Tricking users into revealing their passwords through fake emails, websites, or messages.</li>
<li>Keylogging attacks: Capturing the keystrokes of users when they type their passwords.</li>
<li>Credential stuffing attacks: Using stolen or leaked passwords from one site or service to access another.</li>
</ul>
These attacks can have serious consequences for both the service organization and its customers. They can result in data breaches, identity theft, fraud, ransomware, malware, reputation damage, legal liability, and financial losses. Therefore, it is crucial for service <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/cybersecurity-tips-for-startups" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">organizations to implement and enforce strong password requirements</a> as part of their SOC 2 compliance. These requirements help to reduce the risk of password compromise and enhance the security of customer data.
<h2 id="passwordrequirementsexplained">SOC 2 Password Requirements Explained</h2>
SOC 2 does not specify exact password requirements for service organizations. Instead, it provides general guidelines and best practices based on the AICPA's Trust Services Criteria and the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission's (COSO) framework for enterprise risk management.
According to these guidelines and best practices, service organizations should consider the following password requirements:
<h3>Password Length &amp; Complexity</h3>
Password length and complexity are two factors that affect the strength and security of a password. The longer and more complex a password is, the harder it is to guess or crack.
A common recommendation for password length is to use at least 12 characters. This is based on the assumption that an attacker can try 1 trillion guesses per second, which would take about 200 years to crack a 12-character password .
However, length alone is not enough. Passwords should also include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters. This increases the possible combinations of characters and makes passwords more unpredictable.&nbsp;For example, a password like "password123" is easy to guess and crack, even if it meets the minimum length requirement.&nbsp;
<h3>Password Rotation &amp; History</h3>
Password rotation and history are two factors that affect the freshness and uniqueness of a password. The more frequently and regularly a password is changed, the less likely it is to be compromised or reused. A common recommendation for password rotation is to change passwords every 90 days or less. This is based on the assumption that an attacker can obtain a password through phishing or other means and use it for unauthorized access before it expires. Passwords should also not be reused for at least six months. This prevents an attacker from using a previously compromised or leaked password to access other accounts or services. For example, a password like "86c1^Y#m'DHc=c_N" may be strong and complex, but if it is used for multiple accounts or services, it increases the risk of compromise. A better practice would be to use different passwords for different accounts or services and change them regularly.
<h3>Account Lockouts</h3>
Account lockouts are a factor that affects the security and usability of a password. They prevent an attacker from trying multiple passwords until they find the correct one. A common recommendation for account lockouts is to lock out an account after three or more failed login attempts. This is based on the assumption that an attacker can try thousands of passwords per minute using automated tools or scripts. However, account lockouts also have drawbacks. They can inconvenience legitimate users who forget their passwords or make typos. They can also be abused by malicious actors who deliberately lock out users to cause denial-of-service attacks. Therefore, service organizations should balance account lockouts with other measures such as:
<ul>
<li>Implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) to require additional verification beyond passwords.</li>
<li>Monitoring login attempts and sending alerts or notifications to users or administrators when suspicious activity is detected.</li>
<li>Providing self-service options or support channels for users to reset their passwords or unlock their accounts.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="bestpractices">Best Practices to Meet and Exceed SOC 2 Password Requirements</h2>
<h3>Training Employees</h3>
In the context of SOC 2 compliance, it is imperative to educate employees on the creation of robust passwords. This entails conducting comprehensive training sessions aimed at imparting knowledge about crafting strong and secure passwords.
The objective of such training is to emphasize the importance of avoiding easily guessable information, such as birthdays or simple sequences like "password123." Employees should be encouraged to create passwords that are complex, unique, and resistant to brute-force attacks. The ultimate goal is to establish a formidable defense against unauthorized access.
<h3>Using a Password Manager</h3>
Password managers are indispensable tools for secure password management. They serve as secure repositories for storing and accessing passwords, minimizing the risk of compromise.
There are many good solutions in this domain. One of the best password managers for teams is&nbsp;<a href="https://teampassword.com/features" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">TeamPassword</a>. It streamlines password management by allowing controlled access to credentials, easy and secure sharing, and industry-standard vault encryption. Access can be tailored to <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/best-password-managers-for-teams" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">specific team members</a>, reducing the chances of unauthorized access.
TeamPassword also offers features such as <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">password generation</a>, expiration reminders, and audit logs, enhancing overall security and compliance efforts.
<h3>Implementing Two-Factor Authentication</h3>
To fortify password-based security measures, organizations should consider implementing Two-Factor Authentication (2FA). 2FA introduces an additional layer of security, significantly enhancing the difficulty of unauthorized access.
With 2FA, even if an intruder gains access to a password, they would require a second, time-sensitive code typically sent to a mobile device or email. This supplementary step serves as a substantial barrier against unauthorized entry, aligning seamlessly with SOC 2's stringent security requirements.
Organizations are advised to employ 2FA wherever applicable, particularly for systems and data repositories that hold sensitive information.
<h2 id="othercriticalsoc2requirements">Other Critical SOC 2 Requirements for Compliance</h2>
While password security is a pivotal aspect of SOC 2 compliance, it is essential to recognize that overall compliance encompasses a wider spectrum of security measures.
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Firewalls: One of the cornerstone measures in the SOC 2 compliance framework is the deployment of robust firewalls. Firewalls act as formidable barriers against external threats, acting as the first line of defense for your systems and data. By analyzing incoming and outgoing network traffic, firewalls are instrumental in preventing unauthorized access, malicious attacks, and data breaches.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): In today's dynamic threat landscape, where cyberattacks constantly evolve, intrusion detection systems are indispensable. These systems function as vigilant sentinels, tirelessly monitoring network activity. They use sophisticated algorithms to identify anomalies and potential security breaches. When unusual patterns or suspicious activities are detected, IDS sends out alerts, allowing your security team to respond swiftly and mitigate threats before they escalate.
Routine Security Audits: SOC 2 compliance requires an ongoing commitment to security. Routine security audits are essential to assess and validate the effectiveness of your security controls and policies. These audits provide valuable insights into areas that may need improvement and ensure that your security measures are up to date and in compliance with evolving standards.
Data Encryption: Encryption is a non-negotiable component of SOC 2 compliance. It ensures that sensitive data is protected during transmission and storage. Data encryption translates information into a code that can only be deciphered with the appropriate encryption key. This security measure safeguards against data interception and unauthorized access, maintaining the confidentiality and integrity of your data.
Stringent Access Controls: Controlling who has access to your systems and data is fundamental to SOC 2 compliance. Implementing stringent access controls ensures that only authorized individuals can access sensitive information. This includes user authentication, role-based access control, and continuous monitoring of user activity to detect any suspicious actions.
In conclusion, SOC 2 compliance requires a multifaceted approach to security. While strong password management is essential, it should be integrated into a broader security framework that includes firewalls, intrusion detection systems, routine audits, data encryption, and strict access controls. By addressing these critical components comprehensively, organizations can establish a robust security posture and meet the rigorous standards of SOC 2 compliance.<button></button>
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What are the SOC 2 password requirements for compliance? TeamPassword can help. Learn more about these requirements by checking out our in-depth guide.

What are the SOC 2 password requirements for compliance? TeamPassword can help. Learn more about these requirements by ...

What Are the SOC 2 Password Requirements?

Over the last decade, the gig economy boom has allowed professionals worldwide to switch to freelancing and build a network of international clients.&nbsp;
According to Upwork, 1 in 3 US workers engaged in freelance work during 2020. Some of the most successful freelancers earn hundreds of thousands of dollars per year through platforms like Upwork, Freelancer, and Toptal.
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Does your company hire freelancers? How do you <a href="https://teampassword.com/blog/should-i-share-data-with-freelancers">share passwords with freelancers</a>? TeamPassword is an affordable password management solution for small businesses, startups, and agencies to share credentials securely with team members and freelancers. <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">Sign up for a 14-day free trial</a> today.
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<h2>10 Successful Freelancers</h2>
Here are ten successful freelancers and what they do. These freelancers have earned their place as experts in their given field with excellent track records&mdash;many have worked with the biggest companies in the world!
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<h3>1. Scott Luscombe - Graphic Designer / Shopify Expert / Website Developer / Copywriter&nbsp; - Canada</h3>
Scott Luscombe is a freelance graphic designer, Shopify expert, website developer, and copywriter from Uxbridge, Canada. He holds a degree in Illustration from Sheridan College and a degree in Marketing from the University of Toronto.
Scott has been a freelancer for most of his professional career and has earned over $500k on Upwork. He has completed over 311 jobs and worked&nbsp;10,956 hours!&nbsp;
Scott's work includes graphic design and branding, illustration and icons, copywriting, website design and development, UX/UI, and printing and packaging. He also provides freelance coaching and consulting. Scott is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer currently charging $99 per hour for various creative gigs.
Some of Scott's most notable work includes designs for Coca-Cola, the Canadian Cancer Society, Nickelodeon, and Wallet Ninja (to name a few).&nbsp;
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<h3>2. Kathy Edens - Marketing Consultant / Freelance Copywriter - United States</h3>
<a href="https://www.upwork.com/freelancers/~016177d19f0624c1a7?viewMode=1">Kathy Edens is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer</a> with over $300k platform earnings! Kathy has been self-employed as a marketing consultant and freelance copywriter for almost ten years from her home in Ohio, United States.
She holds a Bachelor of Science in Professional Writing and Psychology from Oregon State University, which she says "...helps me understand how to reach your target audience with words."&nbsp;
Kathy has ghost-written several non-fiction books on various topics, including social entrepreneurship, healthcare, real estate investing, and the cannabis industry, to name a few.
Kathy also writes web content, sales pages, email marketing content, case studies, white papers, brochures, press releases, and more. Kathy's rates start at $86 per hour for her writing and marketing services.
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<h3>3. Koen van Oeveren - UX designer - Netherlands</h3>
Koen van Oeveren is a freelance UI &amp; UX designer from North Brabant, Netherlands, with almost ten years of experience. Koen works with several design agencies in the Netherlands, designing apps, websites, and eCommerce experiences for many international brands.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
Koen holds a Bachelor of Applied Science in Communication and Multimedia Design from Avans University in the Netherlands. Koen's <a href="https://www.koenvo.com/index.html">portfolio website Koenvo</a> was nominated for a <a href="https://www.awwwards.com/sites/koenvo-ui-ux-portfolio">2021 awwwards. Award</a>.
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<h3>4. Pascal Strasche - Product / UX designer - Germany</h3>
Pascal Strasche is a product and UX designer with more than ten years of design experience from Germany. He holds a Master of Arts in Interaction Design and a Bachelor of Arts in Graphic Design, both from HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts.
For almost a year over 2020/2021, Pascal worked as the sole product designer to design Con Cubo's SaaS tool that helps complex organizations visualize and manage teams. He's also worked with German steel giant XOM Materials to find product solutions to digitalize&nbsp;Germany's steel industry.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
In 2019, Pascal founded Product Design Resources, a growing archive of 800+ design resources, weekly updated for the design community.
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<h3>5. Paul Hunkin - Developer - New Zealand</h3>
Paul Hunkin is a freelance software consultant and developer from Tauranga, New Zealand, but currently living in Portugal.&nbsp;
Paul has over ten years of experience as a software developer with an impressive work history, including Google, NASA, InfoSys, and the Chinese aerospace industry leader COMAC.
He's worked with several early-stage startups designing everything from high-performance big-data systems to complex web applications to 3D rendering engines. He's also built a lot of the foundational code for independent games on Android.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
Paul is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer with over $400k in platform earnings. His rates start at $120 per hour for software development. <a href="https://paulh.consulting/">Check out Paul's website</a> for more about his impressive portfolio and work history.
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<h3>6. Jana Galat - Writer / Brand Strategist - Canada</h3>
Jana Galat is a freelance copywriter and brand strategist from Ontario, Canada. She holds a Bachelor's Degree in Management and Organizational Studies from King's University College and an Honors in Business Administration from Western University.
Jana has extensive experience writing landing pages, email campaigns, social media ads, and print materials and says, "I am obsessed with creating copy that sells..."
After several years of professional work experience, Jana went freelance in 2019 and has quickly built a reputation as a <a href="https://www.upwork.com/freelancers/~01bfa17a48301876dd">Top Rated Upwork Freelancer</a> with over $70k in platform earnings. Jana's rates start at $100 per hour for copywriting and brand consulting.
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<h3>7. Kate H. - Logo Designer / Branding Expert - United States</h3>
Kate is a freelance professional logo designer and branding expert from Maryland, United States. Kate&nbsp;ran her own green wedding brand which she sold to mywedding.com in 2014, allowing her to focus on helping small&nbsp;businesses figure out what they want (and who they are) and translate that into design.
She holds a Master's degree in Environmental Management from Yale School of The Environment, and a J.D. in environmental law from Pace Law School.&nbsp;
Kate's skillset includes redesigning and updating material to make it easier to understand, building a consistent brand from a simple starting point like a logo, and creating unique logos that guarantee results.
Kate is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer, and her rates start at $225 per hour. You can find out more about Kate on her <a href="https://www.upwork.com/freelancers/~013ce73876c1c18126" rel="follow noopener" target="_blank">Upwork profile</a>.
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<h3>8. Marcos Rezende - UX designer - Canada</h3>
Marcos Rezende is a UX Designer from Ontario, Canada, with more than 13 years of experience. Marcos has worked in over 30 industry sectors for multinational organizations in the United States, Canada, Germany, and Brazil.&nbsp;
Some of Marcos' notable projects include apps for Ontario's COVID-19 dashboard, Urban Master Planning collaboration platform, and Reaction (kid's e-learning app), to name a few.&nbsp;
Marcos loves sharing his industry expertise with aspiring UX designers and regularly writes for the popular UX publication Career Foundry. Total recognizes Marcos as part of its "Top 3%" of global freelancer talent&mdash;a title given to elite freelancers in their given field.
We don't have access to Marcos' rates, but the best UX designers on Upwork earn upwards of $100 per hour. As a Toptal Top 3% freelancer, Marcos likely charges $200-$300 per hour.
<a href="https://www.marcosrezende.com/">Marcos Rezende's website</a> was nominated for the prestigious <a href="https://www.awwwards.com/sites/ux-portfolio-marcos-rezende">awwwards.</a> in 2021.
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<h3>9. Tanya Litvinova - UX/UI Designer - United States</h3>
Tanya Litvinova is a freelance UX/UI designer from New York City, United States. She holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Advertising Design / Communication Design from the Fashion Institute of Technology.
Tanya specializes in product, mobile, and web design as well as user experience flow, research, and validation.
"I have a passion to make the complex simple, shape behavior, design, plan, and strategize. Aiming for the best user experience, all the while balancing the needs of business and technology to create engaging, habit-forming digital products."
Tanya has worked with Fortune 100 &amp; Fortune 500 companies and successfully delivered business-transforming data-driven analytics, responsive BI dashboards, enterprise web apps, and management systems. Some of Tanya's notable clients include KOCH Industries, BlackRock Financial, BCG Group, and FireEye, to name a few.
<a href="https://www.upwork.com/freelancers/~0165035041b26e96df">Tanya is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer</a> with more than $200k platform earnings. Her current rate starts at $162.50 per hour.
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<h3>10. Guangming Lang - Data Scientist - United States</h3>
Guangming Lang is a freelance data scientist from Michigan, United States. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in Mathematics from New College of Florida and a Master of Science in Biostatistics from the University of Michigan. Guangming has also completed several Coursera courses in data science and machine learning.
Guangming has been a freelancer since 2013 and has worked across several industries, including fintech, trading, medicine, biotech, advertising, and HR.&nbsp;
Guangming is a Top Rated Upwork Freelancer with over $400k in platform earnings. He's completed 216 jobs on Upwork totaling 3,805 hours! Guangming's current rates start at $200 per hour.
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<h2>Secure Freelancer Workflows With TeamPassword</h2>
No matter how talented or reputable the freelancers and contractors you hire, your company must use secure workflows to protect your digital assets.
Freelancers often need access to shared accounts and tools. Using a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">password manager</a> is the first step to securing these accounts and platforms. You can also use a password manager to share credentials with employees, clients, and other stakeholders to ensure you never expose raw passwords via email, spreadsheets, chat apps, and other non-secure methods.
<a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">TeamPassword</a> lets you create groups to share access with only those who need it. When they're done, revoke access with a single click. No need to change passwords every time someone leaves the team.
If you do need to change a password, TeamPassword's built-in <a href="https://teampassword.com/password-generator">password generator</a> lets you create secure passwords between 12-32 characters using numbers, letters (uppercase/lowercase), and symbols.
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Ready to onboard clients and freelancers securely with TeamPassword's robust <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">password management solution</a>? <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial">Sign up for a free trial</a> to secure your company's digital assets today!

Here are ten successful freelancers and what they do. These freelancers have earned their place as experts in their given field.

Here are ten successful freelancers and what they do. These freelancers have earned their place as experts in ...

10 extremely successful freelancers and what they do

Here are ten successful freelancers and what they do. These freelancers have earned their place as experts in their given field with excellent track records—many have worked with the biggest companies in the world!

In an increasingly digital world, we&rsquo;re switching more and more of our daily lives over to the Internet. While this brave new world is exciting and convenient, it&rsquo;s not without its problems.&nbsp;
The issue of unsafe passwords has been around for a while. But have you ever thought about where and how to store them?
Most of us have several passwords, and we&rsquo;re encouraged to never duplicate them. Some people simply write them all down on a piece of paper &mdash; which is fraught with danger. But others store their passwords electronically.
As you&rsquo;re about to find out, not all electronic systems of password storage are <a href="https://www.teampassword.com/blog/10-things-you-need-to-do-to-keep-passwords-safe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">safe</a>. Here are five of the most dangerous ways to store your passwords.&nbsp;
But before we begin:
Avoid bad idea passwords and dangerous storage methods with TeamPassword. This advanced <a href="https://www.teampassword.com/blog/why-you-need-a-password-manager" target="_blank" rel="noopener">password manager</a> features a selection of security features, including password encryption and two-step verification. Sign up for a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial" rel="follow">free trial</a> today.&nbsp;

<h2>1. Email</h2>
Have you ever emailed yourself a password to ensure you&rsquo;re never without it? Great idea, right? Actually, emailing yourself your passwords is a really bad idea, and here&rsquo;s why:
<ul>
<li>Emails are usually sent in plain text. Without encryption, your passwords are susceptible if your email account is ever compromised.&nbsp;</li>
<li>Unsafe passwords sent via email often pass through several systems and servers. There&rsquo;ll also be a copy in your sent folder. If someone else can access your email account, your passwords become vulnerable.&nbsp;</li>
<li>Some email platforms store data locally on a drive. If someone steals your computer, phone, or tablet, your passwords become vulnerable.</li>
</ul>
A really bad idea for passwords is to send them via email &mdash; either to yourself or someone else. <a href="https://www.teampassword.com/blog/have-i-been-hacked-how-to-know-for-sure" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Hackers </a>and scammers are more resourceful than ever, and they can often steal your information before you realize you&rsquo;ve been compromised.&nbsp;
It&rsquo;s tempting to send a quick email to yourself containing unsafe passwords when you sign up for new online services. For the sake of an extra minute or two, don&rsquo;t give fraudsters easy access to your accounts. Use an encrypted email vault to safeguard all your passwords.&nbsp;
<h2>2. Online Documents</h2>
A lot of people like the convenience of saving crucial information using online document systems such as Google Docs. But this is a bad idea for passwords, as these systems are designed for text &mdash; not sensitive data.
Yes, a password might protect your online document manager from unauthorized access. But what happens if that password is compromised? Many document software platforms don&rsquo;t offer encryption, two-step verification, or even the most basic security measures.&nbsp;
If you use online documents regularly, you&rsquo;re probably accessing your account on a regular basis &mdash; across several devices. What happens if you step away for a moment to buy a coffee, speak to a friend, or use the bathroom?
A criminal can access an unattended online document platform in seconds. And if this happens, it doesn't take a lot of effort to steal your unsafe passwords.&nbsp;
<h2>3. Instant Messaging Service</h2>
Instant messaging services provide us with a convenient way of staying in touch with friends and family. WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, and Snapchat were designed for private online conversations &mdash; not for storing passwords.
People who store their passwords on these apps do so because they believe they&rsquo;re fully encrypted. While that&rsquo;s often the case, it&rsquo;s important to remember that instant messaging services are often left open and operating in the background.
Imagine someone picks up your phone while you&rsquo;re not paying attention. If you left your device unlocked, that person would be able to access your password in seconds.
It&rsquo;s always a bad idea when passwords are stored on instant messaging services. By nature, these apps are designed to operate in the background &mdash; alerting you when someone sends a message. And because they&rsquo;re open, anyone with the device in their hand might be able to steal your unprotected passwords.&nbsp;
Don&rsquo;t fall into the trap of utilizing bad ideas for password storage. Sign up for a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial" target="_blank" rel="noopener">free trial</a> with TeamPassword, and give your unsafe passwords the protection they require.
<h2>4. Online Note-taker</h2>
Developers design online note-takers for everyday lists and reminders. While they&rsquo;re great for creating to-do and shopping lists, they&rsquo;re not so good for storing unsafe passwords.&nbsp;
An app such as Apple Notes is easy to use, accessible, and convenient. But it doesn&rsquo;t offer two-step authentication, encryption, or any sophisticated form of security.&nbsp;
If your computer or mobile device is unlocked, your saved passwords are vulnerable. In many cases, a criminal would simply need to open the app to gain access to your sensitive information.&nbsp;
OK, you might be extra vigilant when it comes to keeping your phone or computer locked. But hackers are resourceful, and they&rsquo;re very good at discovering unsafe passwords. Once they access your phone, any passwords stored in your note-taking app become vulnerable.&nbsp;
<h2>5. On a Non-Password-Protected Device</h2>
Of all the bad ideas for passwords, storing them on non-password-protected devices is about the worst. You might think that your tablet or laptop never leaves your side. But if your device is ever stolen, you&rsquo;ve given the criminals the easiest possible opportunity to access your saved passwords.&nbsp;
If you&rsquo;re determined to store passwords on a physical device &mdash; which is never a good idea &mdash; make sure the device password is a complex combination of letters, numbers, and symbols. And it should contain at least 12 characters.&nbsp;
<h2>Use TeamPassword for Extra Protection</h2>
Remembering and safely storing a dozen or more passwords isn&rsquo;t a simple task. By locking away all your passwords in a digital vault, you get maximum protection and easy access.&nbsp;
TeamPassword offers a range of <a href="https://www.teampassword.com/security" target="_blank" rel="noopener">security features</a> &mdash; designed to keep your passwords safe. Offering two-step authentication and encryption, this powerful protection system solves the problem of unsafe passwords with ease. Sign up for a <a href="https://app.teampassword.com/dashboard#signup/testimonial" target="_blank" rel="noopener">free trial</a> to see these exciting features for yourself.&nbsp;

Storing passwords inappropriately can leave you open to fraud and theft. Avoid these storage methods at all costs. | TeamPassword Blog

Storing passwords inappropriately can leave you open to fraud and theft. Avoid these storage methods at all costs. ...

Top 5 Dangerous Ways to Store Your Passwords

Learn what to do if you forgot your Facebook password and how to use TeamPassword to make sure you never forget a password again.

Learn what to do if you forgot your Facebook password and how to use TeamPassword to make sure ...

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